Sensors (English name: transducer/sensor) is a kind of detection device, sensing the measured information, and transform information into electrical signal according to certain rule or other forms of output information, for satisfying such requirements as information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and controlling.
Sensor’s features include: miniaturization, digitalization, intelligence, multi-function, and systemization and network. It is the first step of automatic detection and automatic control. The existence and development of the sensor, making objects have sensory of touching, tasting and smelling, and let objects live. Usually, according to its basic cognitive functions, sensors are divided into temperature sensor, light sensor, gas sensor, force sensor, magnetic sensor, moisture sensor, acoustic sensor, radiation sensitive element, color sensor and sensor etc..For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/laserdriver.html
2015年3月5日星期四
2015年3月3日星期二
Laser Technology
The laser is a device that a beam of light that is both scientifically and practically of great use because it is coherent light. The beam is produced by a process known as stimulated emission, and the word “laser” is an acronym for the phrase “light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.”
Lasers consist of several components. A few of the many things that the so-called active medium might consist of atoms of a gas, molecules in a liquid, and ions in a crystal. Another component consists of some method of introducing energy into the active medium, such as a flash lamp for example. Another component is the pair of mirrors on either side of the active medium which consists of one that transmits some of the radiation that hits it. If the active component in the laser is a gas laser than each atom is characterized by a set of energy states, or energy levels, of which it may consist. An example of the energy states could be pictured as a unevenly spaced ladder which the higher rungs mean higher states of energy and the lower rungs mean lower states of energy. If left disturbed for a long time the atom will reach its ground state or lowest state of energy. According to quantum mechanics there is only one light frequency that the atom will work with. There are three ways that the atom can deal with the presence of light either it can absorb the light, or spontaneous emission occurs, or stimulated emission occurs. This means that if the atom is at its lowest state that it may absorb the light and jump to its high state and emit extra light while doing so. The second thing it may do is if it is at its highest state it can fall spontaneously to its lower state thus emitting light. The third way is that the atom will jump from its upper state to its lower state thus emitting extra light. Spontaneous emission is not effected by light yet it is rather on a time scale characteristic of the states involved. That is called the spontaneous lifetime. In stimulated emission the frequency of the light is the same as the frequency of the light that stimulated it.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/laserdriver.html
Lasers consist of several components. A few of the many things that the so-called active medium might consist of atoms of a gas, molecules in a liquid, and ions in a crystal. Another component consists of some method of introducing energy into the active medium, such as a flash lamp for example. Another component is the pair of mirrors on either side of the active medium which consists of one that transmits some of the radiation that hits it. If the active component in the laser is a gas laser than each atom is characterized by a set of energy states, or energy levels, of which it may consist. An example of the energy states could be pictured as a unevenly spaced ladder which the higher rungs mean higher states of energy and the lower rungs mean lower states of energy. If left disturbed for a long time the atom will reach its ground state or lowest state of energy. According to quantum mechanics there is only one light frequency that the atom will work with. There are three ways that the atom can deal with the presence of light either it can absorb the light, or spontaneous emission occurs, or stimulated emission occurs. This means that if the atom is at its lowest state that it may absorb the light and jump to its high state and emit extra light while doing so. The second thing it may do is if it is at its highest state it can fall spontaneously to its lower state thus emitting light. The third way is that the atom will jump from its upper state to its lower state thus emitting extra light. Spontaneous emission is not effected by light yet it is rather on a time scale characteristic of the states involved. That is called the spontaneous lifetime. In stimulated emission the frequency of the light is the same as the frequency of the light that stimulated it.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/laserdriver.html
How do the resistance manufactures control the parameters of resistance?
During the productive process, by controlling the material composition, sintering atmosphere, sintering temperature and the state of structure, we can control resistance under the same temperature, and also be able to control the value change when the temperature changes. That is the process, and this is very important!
Why does resistance of these oxides change?
Because in these oxides, there is a kind of particles called carrier (electronic and cavity), can conduct electricity. Like people can go out by boat, the more ship, the more people. The same to carrier, when it is at low temperature, there are fewer carriers, so it hinders the current, and the resistance is big. On the opposite, when it is at higher temperature, there are many carriers, so current is bigger, and its resistance value is relatively low.
What is the changing range of NTC thermistor resistance?
When it is at ambient temperature, it ranges from 10 ohms to 1000K ohms.
What is the temperature range of NTC (negative temperature coefficient thermistor)?
Its measuring range is usually -10 ~ + 300°C , and it can also be – 200 ~ + 10°C, and even it can be used for temperature measurement when it is from -300 to + 1200°C.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/laserdriver.html
Why does resistance of these oxides change?
Because in these oxides, there is a kind of particles called carrier (electronic and cavity), can conduct electricity. Like people can go out by boat, the more ship, the more people. The same to carrier, when it is at low temperature, there are fewer carriers, so it hinders the current, and the resistance is big. On the opposite, when it is at higher temperature, there are many carriers, so current is bigger, and its resistance value is relatively low.
What is the changing range of NTC thermistor resistance?
When it is at ambient temperature, it ranges from 10 ohms to 1000K ohms.
What is the temperature range of NTC (negative temperature coefficient thermistor)?
Its measuring range is usually -10 ~ + 300°C , and it can also be – 200 ~ + 10°C, and even it can be used for temperature measurement when it is from -300 to + 1200°C.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/laserdriver.html
2015年3月2日星期一
The Features of Laser
There are huge differences between laser and ordinary light, and laser owns the following features:
1.The laser launched is monochromatic, and it has a specific wavelength light which would be a specific color. What’s more, its wavelength depends on the power released by e. when it returns back to low power orbit.
This will need to have a high precision, low temperature controller to control the movement of photons.
Please visit our website: http://www.analogti.com.Here has what you want.
2.The laser launched is coherency. Laser owns good microstructure, and each photon moves with other photons, that is to say, all the wavelengths are the same.
Therefore, a kind of efficient, low temperature drift and high-precision controllers are needed to control photons’ movement.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/laserdriver.html
1.The laser launched is monochromatic, and it has a specific wavelength light which would be a specific color. What’s more, its wavelength depends on the power released by e. when it returns back to low power orbit.
This will need to have a high precision, low temperature controller to control the movement of photons.
Please visit our website: http://www.analogti.com.Here has what you want.
2.The laser launched is coherency. Laser owns good microstructure, and each photon moves with other photons, that is to say, all the wavelengths are the same.
Therefore, a kind of efficient, low temperature drift and high-precision controllers are needed to control photons’ movement.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/laserdriver.html
BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO ATECA105
There are a lot of people worried about heating element working in the airtight space, and the working heating element produces heat continuously, making temperature of the airtight space increase, and shortening the lifetime of the element itself even damaged completely. Today I will introduce a cooling device (ATECA105) to help you solve this problem.
The ATECA105 is a TEC assembly. It comes with a 12V6A TEC, a heat sink on its hot side with a medium specific speed fan attached, another heat sink on the TEC’s cold side also with a medium specific speed fan attached, a star dust silver cover, and a thermal insulation pad between the 2 heat sinks. Input voltage is 12VDC 5% and Max. Input current is 6ADC.
The dimensions of the TEC assembly itself only 133.3 × 130 × 131.4 mm, but it has a very high efficiency. When the temperature of the air in confined Spaces and that of outside confined space is the same, the COP can reach 0.5(COP = thermal power/electrical). That is to say, when our TEC assembly works in confined Spaces, the total power of the heating element is not higher than 24W and the temperature of the air in confined Spaces and that of the outside confined space is the same. When the power of heating element inside the airtight space is up to 50W, our ATECA105 can make air temperature within the confined space reduce to only 10℃ higher than the environment temperature outside airtight space .
Both this TEC assembly installation and use are simple, leaving a 103 x116 hole on wall of the airtight space and drill a hole whose diameter is 5 on four Angle position respectively. Through the reserved hole, put the cold end into confined Spaces and the keep hot side outside, using screw to fix. If you want to make TEC assembly cool continuously, connect directly a 12VDC power supply. We also have a complete set of temperature controller to make it work at customized temperature.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/tec-controller.html
The ATECA105 is a TEC assembly. It comes with a 12V6A TEC, a heat sink on its hot side with a medium specific speed fan attached, another heat sink on the TEC’s cold side also with a medium specific speed fan attached, a star dust silver cover, and a thermal insulation pad between the 2 heat sinks. Input voltage is 12VDC 5% and Max. Input current is 6ADC.
The dimensions of the TEC assembly itself only 133.3 × 130 × 131.4 mm, but it has a very high efficiency. When the temperature of the air in confined Spaces and that of outside confined space is the same, the COP can reach 0.5(COP = thermal power/electrical). That is to say, when our TEC assembly works in confined Spaces, the total power of the heating element is not higher than 24W and the temperature of the air in confined Spaces and that of the outside confined space is the same. When the power of heating element inside the airtight space is up to 50W, our ATECA105 can make air temperature within the confined space reduce to only 10℃ higher than the environment temperature outside airtight space .
Both this TEC assembly installation and use are simple, leaving a 103 x116 hole on wall of the airtight space and drill a hole whose diameter is 5 on four Angle position respectively. Through the reserved hole, put the cold end into confined Spaces and the keep hot side outside, using screw to fix. If you want to make TEC assembly cool continuously, connect directly a 12VDC power supply. We also have a complete set of temperature controller to make it work at customized temperature.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/tec-controller.html
2015年3月1日星期日
The minimum limited voltage of 5 common colors LED lights
The common specifications voltage of LED lights are 12V and 24V, and one
team of 12V LED light consists of three pcs LEDs, while24VLED light is made up
of six pcs LEDs. Once, some customer requested to reduce the power supply
voltage, but here we need to notice that not all colors and all specifications
of the LED lights can be used when the power supply voltage reduced, and
itcannot be reduced unconditionally. In order to classifythevoltage of what kind
of the LED lights can be reduced, first look at the driving voltage of the five
common colors single piece LED.
1.White LED: 3.0~3.3V
2.Red LED: 1.8~2.2V
3.Blue LED: 3.0~3.2V
4.Green LED: 2.9~3.1V
5.Yellow LED: 1.8~2.0V
The standard dc power supply voltage specifications that are available in
the market are 6 V, 9 V, 12 V, 18 V, 24 V, then step-down specifications of LED
lights must also be consistent with the above specifications, otherwise the
power matching is also a problem.
A.Using several kinds of common color LED as some examples to
illustrate the minimum voltage limit of3 pcs LEDs group.
1.White LEDs: According to the minimum driving voltage: 3*3.0=9V,
if LED light’s power supply is 9V, and this LED light can’t be added a
current-limit resistor. If LED lights from other groupsare broken, that will
cause the current increase on this group LED light, which results in LED
burning. But if adding limiting current resistor on this group LED light, it
will be lower than the minimum LED driving voltage, and it will affect the
luminous intensity and glowing effect of LED lamp. Therefore, the lowest voltage
limit of white LED lights is 12V.
2.Red LEDs: According to the minimum driving voltage of 1.8V:
3*1.8V=5.4V, then based on common power supply voltage specification, 6V is
fine.As 6V-5.4V=0.6V, we can add 30 ohms current-limit resistor. So the minimum
voltage limit of the red LED light is 6V.
3.Blue LEDs: The minimum voltage limit ofthe blue LED lights is the
same as that of the white LED lights,which is 12V.
4.Green LEDs: According to the minimum driving voltage of 2.9V:
3*2.9V=8.7V, then based on the common power supply voltage specification, 9V is
fine. 9V-8.7V=0.3V, we can also add 15 ohms current-limit resistor. So the
minimum voltage limit of the green LED lights is 9V.
5.Yellow LEDs: The minimum voltage limit of the yellow LED light is
the same as that of the red LED light, which is 6V.
B.The minimum voltage limit of Six pcs LEDs group:
1.White LEDs: According to the minimum driving voltage: 6*3.0=18V,
if LED light’s power supply is 18V, this LED light can’t be added a
current-limit resistor. If LED lights from other groups are broken, that will
cause the current crease on this group LED light, which results in LED burning.
But if addingcurrent-limitresistor on this group LED light, it will be lower
than the minimum LED driving voltage, and it will affect the luminous intensity
and glowing effect of the LED lamp. Therefore, the lowest voltage limit of white
LED lights is 24V.
2.Red LEDs: According to the minimum driving voltage: 6*1.8V=10.8V,
based on the common power supply specification, 12V is fine. As 12V-10.8V=1.2V,
we can also add 60 ohms current-limit resistor. So the minimum voltage limit of
red LED light is 12V.
3.Blue LEDs: The minimum voltage limit of the blue LED light is the
same as that of the red LED, which is 24V.
4.Green LEDs: According to the minimum driving voltage:
6*2.9V=17.4V, then based on the common power supply voltage specification, 18V
is fine. 18V-17.4V=0.6V, we can also add 30 ohms current-limit resistor. So the
minimum limiting voltage of the green LED light is 18V.
5.Yellow LEDs: The minimum limiting voltage of the yellow LED light
is the same as that of the red LED light, which is 12V.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/product-LED-Related-Products.html
Advantages and application of TEC controllers
Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux
between the junctions of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler,
heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which
transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of
electrical energy, being dependent on the direction of the current. Such an
instrument is known as a Peltier device, a Peltier heat pump, solid state
refrigerator, or thermoelectric cooler (TEC). It can be used either for heating
or for cooling, although in practice the main application is cooling. It can be
invoked as a temperature controller that either heats or cools.
The TEC5V4A-D is an electronic module designed for driving TECs
(Thermo-Electric Coolers) with high stability in regulating the object
temperature, extreme energy efficiency.
The module provides interface components for users to configure the desired
object temperature range, i.e. set-point temperature range; maximum voltage
across TEC, i.e. maximum TEC voltage; and the compensation network. The
compensation network compensates the astronomical order thermal load and thus
stabilizes the temperature control loop.
The TEC5V4A-D comes with a high stability low noise 3.0V voltage references
which can be utilized to setting the desired object temperature by using a POT
(potentiometer) or a DAC (Digital to Analog Converter). When utilizing this
reference for setting the set-point temperature, the set-point temperature error
does not depend on this reference voltage.For more information, please visit our website:http://www.analogtechnologies.com/tec-controller.html
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