In practical applications, TEC can sustain work through continuous heat change of heat exchanger and cold and heat source. When the system works, the heat density of cold and hot ends can be up to 104W/m2, so effective operation is strongly dependent on heat transfer performance of cold and hot end. The heat dissipation of the cold end is more important than the hot end’s. Suppose the heat dissipating capacity of the cold end is q1, the heat dissipating capacity of hot end is q2 and the electric power consumption of the system is w0. After the TEC is connected to a power supply, the cold end continuously absorbs q1, which is cooling capacity. This part of the heat and electro-thermal consumption need to be dissipated from the hot end together, which can ensure the normal work of TEC and make TEC play an effective role.
Obviously, 
Efficiency of TEC: 
Thus, in order to improve the cooling efficiency, it mainly depends on heat dissipation and transfer cooling capacity. So the design of heat sink is very important.
Currently, there are some common dissipating methods:
1.Air cooling. Heat transfer coefficient is about3~6 W/(m2•K) (natural convection) or 2 6 ~ 3 0 W/(m2•K) (forced convection).
2.Liquid cooling. Heat transfer coefficient is about 100~1000W/(m2•K).
There are also some other dissipating methods, such as using melting heat, dissolution heat and thermal capacity.
In the next paper, the specific heat-dissipating methods will be introduced.
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